Epoch AI reports that the Epoch Capabilities Index frontier advanced by 14 points per year since reasoning models were introduced, compared to six points per year in the non-reasoning era.

Epoch AI is a multidisciplinary research institute investigating the trajectory of Artificial Intelligence (AI). We scrutinize the driving forces behind AI and forecast its ramifications on the economy and society. We emphasize making our research accessible through our reports, models and visualizations to help ground the discussion of AI on a solid empirical footing. Our goal is to create a healthy scientific environment, where claims about AI are discussed with the rigor they merit.