Frontier announced $2.1M in R&D grants to answer questions about ocean alkalinity enhancement, mineral sourcing, alkalinity efficiency, and carbon removal measurement with University of St Andrews, University of Cambridge, C Worthy, and Submarine Scientific.

Frontier is an advance market commitment (AMC) that aims to accelerate the development of carbon removal technologies by guaranteeing future demand for them. It was founded by Stripe, Alphabet, Shopify, Meta, McKinsey and tens of thousands of businesses using Stripe Climate. The goal is to send a strong demand signal to researchers, entrepreneurs, and investors that there is a growing market for these technologies. Importantly, Frontier aims to help create net new carbon removal supply rather than compete over what exists today. In practice, its team of technical and commercial experts facilitates purchases from high-potential carbon removal companies on behalf of buyers. The concept of an AMC is borrowed from vaccine development and was piloted a decade ago. The first AMC accelerated the development of pneumococcal vaccines for low-income countries, saving an estimated 700,000 lives.